Hadrons

The hadrons are subatomic particles influenced by the strong interaction, which is the short range nuclear glue responsible for overcoming the Coulomb repulsion of protons to hold the nucleus together.

Baryons

Protons and neutrons are both three quark hadrons of a class called baryons with half integral spin, (according to the standard model)

Mesons

Mesons have integral spin. They are two quark hadrons, (according to the standard model). Long lived mesons that can be detected in a cloud chamber are either pions or kaons.

Summary

The idea of quarks was first proposed by Murray Gel Mann in the 1960's to classify the many observed decay properties of the hadrons in two classes: baryons and mesons.

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